A moving fork separates parental DNA while leading synthesis follows continuously and lagging synthesis forms Okazaki fragments. Compare helicase progress, polymerase speed and the effect of inhibiting ligase.
• 3D scene parts: Parental DNA; helicase at the fork; leading daughter strand; lagging daughter fragments; rna primers; ligase / join markers. • Controls: Helicase fork rate (0.5–2 schematic bp/s); Polymerase synthesis rate (0.25–3 schematic bp/s); Okazaki fragment size (2–6 schematic bp); Inhibit DNA ligase. • Live readouts: Unwound template (bp); Leading synthesis (bp); Lagging synthesis (bp); Unsealed fragment joins. • Guided experiments: Ligase inhibition; Slow polymerase. • Four tabs (visual laboratory, curves and measurements, experiments, learn and assess), a model-verification run, a timestamped event log and a trial report.
Fork = min(24, forkRate·t) Leading = min(Fork, polymerase·t) Lagging = fragmentSize·floor(Leading/fragmentSize) Unsealed joins = ligaseOff ? max(0, fragments−1) : 0
Molecular geometry, organelle dimensions and animation time are enlarged and illustrative. Colors identify structures rather than natural tissue color. This is a conceptual teaching model, not a cell physiology predictor. Fragment synthesis is quantized for clarity. Primer removal and replacement are grouped before ligation; torsion, multiple origins and replisome kinetics are omitted. Try the preset experiments, then compare the live readouts with the equations.
No. Geometry is enlarged and time is a teaching playback scale.
5′ to 3′.
Molecular geometry, organelle dimensions and animation time are enlarged and illustrative. Colors identify structures rather than natural tissue color. This is a conceptual teaching model, not a cell physiology predictor. Fragment synthesis is quantized for clarity. Primer removal and replacement are grouped before ligation; torsion, multiple origins and replisome kinetics are omitted.