A tensile frame pulls a reduced-section coupon through a prescribed loading and unloading cycle. Relate grip motion, extensometer extension, force, elastic recovery and permanent strain.
• 3D scene parts: load frame and crosshead; wedge grips; reduced-section tensile coupon; clip-on extensometer; load cell and force display. • Controls: young’s modulus (50–220 GPa), yield stress (100–500 MPa), post-yield tangent modulus (0–5000 MPa), maximum engineering strain (0.001–0.03), original gauge area (20–100 mm²). • Live readouts: engineering strain; engineering stress; tensile force; gauge extension · L₀=50 mm; permanent strain; recoverable strain. • Guided experiments: Remain elastic; Permanent deformation; Larger original area. • Four tabs (visual laboratory, curves and measurements, experiments, learn and assess), a model-verification run, a timestamped event log and a trial report.
E_MPa=1000E_GPa; ε_y=σ_y/E Loading: σ=Eε below yield; σ=σ_y+H(ε−ε_y) above yield At peak: ε_p=ε_peak−σ_peak/E Unloading: σ=E(ε−ε_p), down to zero force F=σ A₀/1000 kN; ΔL=50ε mm.
One bilinear loading/unloading cycle: 8 s load, 2 s hold, 6 s unload. The specified tangent modulus is smaller than E. No necking, fracture, rate sensitivity, true-stress conversion or machine compliance. Gauge strain in the scene is magnified 12×. Try the preset experiments, then compare the live readouts with the equations.
Young’s modulus E. Elastic recovery follows E even after plastic flow.
No, original area. This model uses engineering stress and strain.
One bilinear loading/unloading cycle: 8 s load, 2 s hold, 6 s unload. The specified tangent modulus is smaller than E. No necking, fracture, rate sensitivity, true-stress conversion or machine compliance. Gauge strain in the scene is magnified 12×.