Bearing Capacity Failure Simulator — Applied gross pressure, Idealized gross ultimate & Ultimate/applied ratio Interactive

A strip footing pushes into a soil cutaway as gross contact pressure ramps upward.

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About this tool — how it works & FAQ

About the Bearing Capacity Failure Simulator

A strip footing pushes into a soil cutaway as gross contact pressure ramps upward. Resistance terms are separated into cohesion, embedment surcharge and soil-weight contributions. An illustrative shear mechanism appears when demand exceeds idealized ultimate pressure.

What the simulator shows

• 3D scene parts: Strip footing and load actuator; homogeneous soil cutaway; illustrative shear mechanism; surface heave markers; resistance-term recorder. • Controls: Target gross contact pressure (100–2000 kPa); Strip footing width (1–4 m); Embedment depth (0.5–2 m); Effective cohesion (0–30 kPa); Effective friction angle (0–36 °); Soil unit weight (16–22 kN/m³). • Live readouts: Applied gross pressure (kPa); Idealized gross ultimate (kPa); Ultimate/applied ratio; Cohesion contribution (kPa); Embedment contribution (kPa); Soil-weight contribution (kPa); Pressure beyond ultimate (kPa). • Guided experiments: Low friction / overload; Cohesive limit; Wider footing. • Four tabs (visual laboratory, curves and measurements, experiments, learn and assess), a model-verification run, a timestamped event log and a trial report.

The model equations

Nq=exp(π tanφ) tan²(45°+φ/2) Nc=(Nq−1)/tanφ; at φ=0 use Nc=5.14 Vesic Nγ=2(Nq+1)tanφ qult=cNc+γD Nq+0.5γB Nγ Ratio=qult/qgross

Model limits and how to explore

Representative drained, centered, vertical strip footing on homogeneous soil with a stated Vesic Nγ convention. Shape, inclination, groundwater, eccentricity and depth correction factors are omitted. Gross pressures include embedment surcharge. Ratio at zero applied load uses a 1 kPa denominator for a finite display. Failure motion is illustrative, not a load–settlement or collapse analysis. Try the preset experiments, then compare the live readouts with the equations.

Frequently asked questions

Are demand and ultimate pressure both gross here?

Yes. Both include the same overburden convention.

Does the animation predict actual foundation settlement?

No. It illustrates overload while the resistance formula supplies the quantitative comparison.

What does this simulator not model?

Representative drained, centered, vertical strip footing on homogeneous soil with a stated Vesic Nγ convention. Shape, inclination, groundwater, eccentricity and depth correction factors are omitted. Gross pressures include embedment surcharge. Ratio at zero applied load uses a 1 kPa denominator for a finite display. Failure motion is illustrative, not a load–settlement or collapse analysis.

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