A constant-head permeability cell connects two water reservoirs through a saturated soil specimen. Head stations show a linear hydraulic gradient, while tracers illustrate Darcy discharge versus mean pore-water speed.
• 3D scene parts: Constant-head source tank; saturated soil specimen; piezometer head stations; pore-water tracer path; discharge collection station. • Controls: Head difference (0.2–2 m); Specimen length (1–4 m); log10 hydraulic conductivity (-5–-2 m/s); Porosity (0.2–0.5); Specimen cross-sectional area (0.5–2 m²). • Live readouts: Hydraulic gradient; Darcy velocity (m/s); Mean pore velocity (m/s); Discharge (L/s); Cumulative volume (L); Ideal pore travel time (s). • Guided experiments: More permeable soil; Long specimen; Low porosity. • Four tabs (visual laboratory, curves and measurements, experiments, learn and assess), a model-verification run, a timestamped event log and a trial report.
i=ΔH/L; vDarcy=k i Q=k A ΔH/L vPore=vDarcy/n Ideal travel time=L/vPore Collected volume=Q t
Steady saturated one-dimensional laminar Darcy flow in a homogeneous specimen. Fixed head difference, no unsaturated flow, anisotropy, dispersion, piping, erosion or transient groundwater equation. Marker speed is explicitly accelerated for visibility; physical travel time remains in the readouts. Tanks and specimen are illustrative apparatus. Try the preset experiments, then compare the live readouts with the equations.
No. Mean pore speed divides Darcy velocity by porosity.
No. Q depends on k, area and hydraulic gradient.
Steady saturated one-dimensional laminar Darcy flow in a homogeneous specimen. Fixed head difference, no unsaturated flow, anisotropy, dispersion, piping, erosion or transient groundwater equation. Marker speed is explicitly accelerated for visibility; physical travel time remains in the readouts. Tanks and specimen are illustrative apparatus.