Tilt a ladle into a sprue and runner feeding a cutaway sand mold. After filling, follow sensible cooling, an isothermal solidification plateau and cooling of the solid casting.
• A 3D process cutaway of pouring, latent-heat solidification and cooling in a sand mold, with labeled components you can select. • Controls: Pour rate (0.1-0.5 L/s), Aluminum-like pour temperature (680-820 °C), Mold temperature (20-200 °C), Liquid sensible-cooling time constant (10-60 s). • Live readouts: Cavity filled; Lumped casting temperature; Solid fraction; Physical time; Cavity + gating fill time; Fill time exceeds cooling-window estimate. • Three guided experiments (Latent-heat plateau, Warm mold, Slow, low-superheat fill), a built-in model verification check, a timestamped event log, a trial report and a short knowledge check.
Tm = 660 °C, latent heat L = 397 kJ/kg Liquid cp = 1.1 kJ/(kg·K); heat-transfer coefficient per mass k = cp/τ Liquid cools exponentially to Tm; plateau duration = L/[k(Tm−Tmold)] Solid cp = 0.9 kJ/(kg·K); animation time × 5 = physical seconds.
Generic aluminum-like lumped thermal model. Cooling begins after filling; a separate approximate liquid-window comparison flags long-fill risk, not a CFD cold-shut prediction. No fluid turbulence, porosity, shrinkage stress or alloy freezing range. Dimensions, motion and process time are enlarged where stated for explanation. These are educational models, not machine programs or qualified production procedures.
Yes, latent heat is released. The pure-material approximation uses a melting-temperature plateau.
No, it is an overlay of bulk solid fraction. This is a lumped thermal model rather than a spatial solver.
Generic aluminum-like lumped thermal model. Cooling begins after filling; a separate approximate liquid-window comparison flags long-fill risk, not a CFD cold-shut prediction. No fluid turbulence, porosity, shrinkage stress or alloy freezing range. These are educational models, not machine programs or qualified production procedures.