Roadway Horizontal Curve Simulator — Required side-friction factor, Selected allowance & Allowance minus |demand| Interactive

A car travels around a circular road segment.

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About this tool — how it works & FAQ

About the Roadway Horizontal Curve Simulator

A car travels around a circular road segment. Inspect its banked road cross-section and force vectors while changing speed, radius, superelevation and the selected friction allowance.

What the simulator shows

• 3D scene parts: Banked circular roadway; curve-following vehicle; radius construction; banked cross-section; lateral demand vectors. • Controls: Vehicle speed (20–120 km/h); Curve radius (50–500 m); Superelevation (0–10 %); Selected side-friction allowance (0.05–0.35). • Live readouts: Required side-friction factor; Selected allowance; Allowance minus |demand|; Lateral acceleration (m/s²); Speed at selected limit (km/h); Vehicle position (°). • Guided experiments: Tight fast curve; Increase radius; Add banking. • Four tabs (visual laboratory, curves and measurements, experiments, learn and assess), a model-verification run, a timestamped event log and a trial report.

The model equations

ac=v²/R e+f≈v²/(gR); e=bank/100 frequired=v²/(gR)−e Vlimit=3.6√[gR(e+fallow)]

Model limits and how to explore

Small-angle point-mass curve balance. Friction allowance is a teaching input, not a code limit or tyre-grip guarantee. No dynamic skid, rollover, transient steering or suspension simulation. Negative required friction indicates inward banking exceeds demand. Try the preset experiments, then compare the live readouts with the equations.

Frequently asked questions

Does banking remove all lateral acceleration?

No. Banking helps supply the required inward acceleration.

Is the warning an actual skid simulation?

No. The path is prescribed; the model reports force balance only.

What does this simulator not model?

Small-angle point-mass curve balance. Friction allowance is a teaching input, not a code limit or tyre-grip guarantee. No dynamic skid, rollover, transient steering or suspension simulation. Negative required friction indicates inward banking exceeds demand.

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