Traffic Flow Fundamentals Simulator — Space-mean speed, Equilibrium flow & Model capacity Interactive

Vehicles circulate through a one-kilometre equivalent road segment.

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About this tool — how it works & FAQ

About the Traffic Flow Fundamentals Simulator

Vehicles circulate through a one-kilometre equivalent road segment. Increase density and watch their spacing shrink while the equilibrium speed falls. A detector gantry connects moving vehicles to speed, density and hourly flow.

What the simulator shows

• 3D scene parts: One-lane segment; equilibrium traffic stream; detector gantry; fundamental diagram; density ruler. • Controls: Density (5–150 veh/km); Free-flow speed (40–120 km/h); Jam density (150–220 veh/km). • Live readouts: Space-mean speed (km/h); Equilibrium flow (veh/h); Model capacity (veh/h); Mean front-to-front spacing (m); Critical density (veh/km); Density / jam density (%). • Guided experiments: Capacity density; Congested branch; Free road. • Four tabs (visual laboratory, curves and measurements, experiments, learn and assess), a model-verification run, a timestamped event log and a trial report.

The model equations

v=vf(1−k/kj); q=kv kcritical=kj/2; qmax=vf kj/4 spacing=1000/k metres

Model limits and how to explore

Greenshields equilibrium teaching model. No car-following, lane changes, stochastic waves or calibrated capacity prediction. Only representative vehicles are drawn; the ruler and measurements carry physical scale. Try the preset experiments, then compare the live readouts with the equations.

Frequently asked questions

Does adding cars always increase flow?

No. Past the critical density, falling speed dominates.

Does a stopped jam have high flow?

No. q=kv becomes zero when speed is zero.

What does this simulator not model?

Greenshields equilibrium teaching model. No car-following, lane changes, stochastic waves or calibrated capacity prediction. Only representative vehicles are drawn; the ruler and measurements carry physical scale.

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