Plate tectonics, weather & the rock cycle — Earth's layers, earthquakes and volcanoes, ocean and atmospheric circulation, and the water and rock cycles.
Explore a cutaway from crust to inner core and slide a depth probe to compare layer thickness and volume with the planet radius.
Compare divergent, convergent and transform boundaries in a cross-section and track plate speed and displacement over geologic time.
Load a locked strike-slip fault until friction fails and watch strain release, surface offset and a seismograph trace.
Launch P and S wave packets along particle chains and time their arrival, then see why S waves stop in a liquid.
Cut away a volcano and balance magma recharge against vent resistance to see reservoir pressure and eruption outflow evolve.
Move water between ocean, atmosphere, catchment and groundwater with adjustable transfer rates while total water is conserved.
Explore idealized Hadley, Ferrel and polar cells on a rotating Earth and read the Coriolis parameter at any latitude.
Compare wind-driven surface flow with density-driven overturning and vary polar temperature and salinity to change its strength.
Follow a specimen through cooling, weathering, compaction, metamorphism and melting and replay each transformation.
Flow water through a saturated aquifer with adjustable conductivity and heads and compare Darcy flux with pore velocity.