Environmental & Water Resources Studio

Compute open-channel flow rate and velocity with Manning's equation for rectangular, trapezoidal, and circular channels. Returns area, wetted perimeter, hydraulic radius, velocity, and discharge.

Find head loss, velocity, or flow in a pressurized water pipe using the Hazen-Williams equation. Includes typical C-factors for common pipe materials and reports the hydraulic gradient.

Estimate peak stormwater runoff with the Rational Method Q = CiA from runoff coefficient, rainfall intensity, and drainage area. The workhorse of small-watershed storm-drain design.

Size the storage volume a detention or retention basin needs to limit peak outflow to the allowable release rate, using the inflow and outflow hydrograph difference.

Calculate discharge over rectangular, V-notch (triangular), and Cipolletti weirs from head and crest geometry — the standard field method for measuring open-channel flow.

Compute ultimate and time-t biochemical oxygen demand from the first-order decay model, plus percent BOD removal across a treatment unit. Core to wastewater plant performance.

Convert a target chlorine dose to pounds-per-day (or kg/day) of feed using the 8.34 factor, and split dose into demand plus residual for water and wastewater disinfection.

Find hydraulic retention time (HRT = V/Q), surface overflow rate, and weir loading for clarifiers, basins, and reactors — the key sizing checks for sedimentation and biological tanks.

Compute groundwater discharge and seepage velocity from Darcy's law (Q = K·i·A) using hydraulic conductivity, gradient, area, and porosity. The foundation of hydrogeology.

Convert the units water engineers live in — flow (MGD, m³/s, L/s, GPM, cfs), concentration (mg/L, ppm, grains/gal), and mass loading — so plant calculations stay consistent.