Water treatment, air pollution control & contaminant transport — how treatment trains, scrubbers and plumes behave.
Follow particles through a treatment train. Mixing forms flocs, sedimentation removes settleable solids, filtration captures the remainder and a baffled contact tank represents the disinfection stage.
Let microbes consume dissolved organic substrate. A diffuser basin supplies oxygen, a clarifier separates flocs and return sludge circulates biomass.
Drive water through a selective barrier. A crossflow hollow-fiber module separates permeate from concentrated retentate while rising resistance reduces flux.
Contact gas with descending liquid. A packed column, spray manifold, mist eliminator and recirculation sump demonstrate absorption and contaminant capture.
Charge particles and collect them on plates. Discharge wires, high-voltage insulators, collecting plates and hoppers reveal the separation mechanism.
Follow rain into a lined landfill. Cover, waste layers, geomembrane, drainage gravel, perforated collection pipes and a sump separate collection from leakage.
Separate microbial environments. An anaerobic basin, aerobic nitrification zone and post-anoxic denitrification zone lead to clarification and phosphorus-rich sludge wasting.
Compare UV exposure with chlorine contact. Quartz-sleeved lamps and a separate baffled chemical-contact chamber illustrate two different dose measures.
Track a dissolved pulse in an aquifer. A layered cutaway, screened wells and a concentration ribbon connect transport, spreading and sampling.
Follow a stack plume downwind. Wind, effective release height and an open-terrain receptor demonstrate a reflected Gaussian concentration field.