Flow, level, pressure, and temperature measurement and the instrument types behind each, accuracy/range/turndown considerations that decide whether an instrument actually fits its service, and how these measurements feed the control loops built in Module 12.
A control system cannot control a variable it cannot measure, and it cannot control that variable well if the measurement feeding it is slow, noisy, or wrong for the range it operates in. This module works through the four measurements every process engineer encounters constantly, the instrument technologies used for each, and why the instinct to range an instrument for a pipe's theoretical maximum capacity — rather than its actual operating window — is one of the most common, avoidable instrument-selection mistakes.
By the end of this module you should be able to explain why an oversized instrument's percentage-of-span accuracy spec becomes a much larger real-world error at typical operating flow, and why diagnosing a misbehaving control loop should always start by questioning the instrument before touching the controller's tuning — the exact diagnostic instinct Module 12's PID and cascade content builds directly on.