The physiological origin of ECG, EEG, and EMG signals, instrumentation amplifier design principles, and noise and artifact rejection in biosignal recording.
The electrocardiogram, electroencephalogram, and electromyogram are all surface measurements of the same underlying phenomenon — coordinated depolarization and repolarization of excitable tissue — and this module starts from that physiological origin, tracing the ECG's P wave, QRS complex, and T wave back to the sinoatrial node, AV node delay, and His-Purkinje conduction system before covering EEG's cortical potentials and EMG's motor unit action potentials.
It then builds the instrumentation amplifier design principles that make these microvolt-to-millivolt signals usable — high input impedance, high common-mode rejection ratio, and careful gain staging — alongside the noise sources and artifact rejection techniques (baseline wander, powerline interference, motion artifact) every biosignal front end has to manage, setting up directly for the cardiac devices module and the worked amplifier project later in the program.